The main conditions studied were cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases. This review is based on a critical analysis of the international scientific literature made by a multidisciplinary group of thirteen researchers with expertise in various fields relating to chronic diseases, from sports medicine to psychosociology. Inserm was tasked by the French Ministry of Sports with producing a collective expert review in order to take stock of scientific knowledge and to analyze, within the scope of chronic diseases, the impact of physical activity and its place in the care pathway. Given that chronic diseases and their complications contribute very strongly to a state of dependency, preventing their complications and recurrence represents a key challenge for the maintenance of autonomy, notably in older adults. Prevention measures can be implemented prior to development of the diseases and at any time during their progression. In France, current estimations set the direct (75 %) and indirect (25 %) costs of physical inactivity in the region of €1.3 billion. By improving the prevention and management of chronic diseases, we are therefore taking steps to tackle a major public health emergency.Īccording to the WHO report of 2010, a large percentage of chronic diseases is responsive to prevention if four primary risk factors are addressed: tobacco use, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption and unhealthy diet. These are conditions that lead to functional limitations with impacts on quality of life, with the number of dependent individuals expected to rise from 1.2 million in 2012 to 2.3 million in 2060. With the increase in life expectancy, the number of older adults with chronic diseases is on the up. Currently, one in four French people has a chronic disease, which increases to three in four beyond the age of 65. In France, the proportion of those aged 60 or above is expected to increase from one quarter of the total population in 2015 to one third in 2040. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), they are the world’s leading cause of mortality and in Europe “contribute to around 86 % of deaths (…) and represent an increasing burden on healthcare systems, economic development and wellbeing of a large proportion of the population, particularly those aged 50 or above”. More recently, there has been a growing trend for the development of global health promotion policies by employers and their partners covering not only drug and alcohol abuse, but also a whole range of lifestyle issues including smoking, diet, exercise and mental well-being.Chronic diseases are long-term and sometimes permanent noncommunicable conditions that change over time.
It had become fairly common in some industrialized countries, often under the stimulus of legislative measures, to adopt programmes targeting specific health problems in the workplace as a complement to traditional safety and health measures, in particular those related to drug and alcohol abuse. Potential solutions, such as leadership, communication and a focus on learning and development are essential for anyone committed to making the workplace a more decent and satisfying place. A lack of recognition on the need to promote workers well-being may give raise to workplace problems, such as stress, bullying, conflict, alcohol and drug abuse and mental health disorders. Other organizations are beginning to address well-being issues because it is becoming increasingly clear that many workplace problems draw from a lack of commitment to the needs of their workers. The more progressive organizations are doing so because they appreciate that their most important resources are their human resources - their people. Many studies show a direct link between productivity levels and the general health and well-being of the workforce.Įnterprises and organizations are increasingly recognising the need to take the well-being of their workers seriously. Workers well-being is a key factor in determining an organisation's long-term effectiveness.
The aim of measures for workplace well-being is to complement OSH measures to make sure workers are safe, healthy, satisfied and engaged at work. Workplace Wellbeing relates to all aspects of working life, from the quality and safety of the physical environment, to how workers feel about their work, their working environment, the climate at work and work organization.
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